October 22, The U. Army conducts an election in Virginia to authorize a state constitutional convention and to elect delegates. The army allows African American men to vote in the election. February 25, The U. House of Representatives approves the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.
February 26, The U. Senate approves the Fifteenth Amendment to the U. July 6, Voters ratify a new state constitution, often called the Underwood Constitution, rejecting separate provisions that would have disfranchised men who had held civil or military office under the Confederacy.
The new constitution supplants the former one, proclaimed on April 7, January 26, The U. Congress passes an act permitting Virginia's senators and elected representatives to take their seats in Congress. This ends Congressional Reconstruction in Virginia. February 3, Iowa becomes the twenty-eighth state to ratify the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.
Constitution, completing the ratification process. January 23, South Dakota becomes the thirty-eighth state to ratify the Twenty-fourth Amendment to the U. May Evelyn Thomas Butts's case charging that the poll tax is unconstitutional is dismissed for failure to prosecute the case with due diligence.
November 12, The U. Virginia State Board of Elections , upholding the constitutionality of the poll tax. August 6, President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act into law. It prohibits racial discrimination in voting. March 24, In the case of Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections , the U. Supreme Court rules that the poll tax is unconstitutional.
Constitution, outlawing poll taxes. Lowe, Richard G. Republicans and Reconstruction in Virginia, — Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, Foner, Eric. New York: Random House, Tarter, Brent. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, First Last. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.
Sponsors View all. The next day, the Senate followed suit, and the proposed amendment was sent to the state legislatures for ratification. Ratification proved problematic in Northern and Border states. California, Nevada, and Oregon rejected the amendment because of apprehension it would be applied to enfranchise Chinese residents even if they were ineligible for naturalization. Meanwhile, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware refused to ratify as well due to opposition to expanding the black vote.
Finally, while New York ratified, the approval was rescinded after opposition Democrats won a majority. Still, the Amendment was viewed at the time as a crowning victory of Reconstruction.
The amendment was also denounced, however, by many prominent suffragists as being a new barrier to women rights, splitting the long-standing alliance between abolitionists and suffragists. Meanwhile, conservative Republicans and Democrats saw the Enforcement Acts passed in and under the amendment as an unprecedented intrusion into state authority. The amendment was adopted in along with nine other amendments that make up the Bill of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was a landmark Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional.
Board of Education was one of the cornerstones of the civil rights movement, Black codes were restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War. Though the Union victory had given some 4 million enslaved people their freedom, the Live TV.
This Day In History. History Vault. What Is the 15th Amendment? Fifteenth Amendment. Thirteenth Amendment. Black History Month. The Constitutional Amendments Even before the U. Board of Education Brown v. Black Codes Black codes were restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War.
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